May is Bladder Cancer Awareness Month, a reminder to understand the signs and why early detection matters. 

Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers and occurs more often in men than in women. Risk increases with age, especially after 55, but it can develop at any age. Smoking is the leading risk factor, along with certain chemical exposures. 

Many cases are diagnosed early, when treatment is most effective. Symptoms such as blood in the urine or changes in urination are often the first signs and should not be ignored. However, bladder cancer can come back, which is why follow-up care is often needed after treatment.  

Signs and symptoms 

Bladder cancer symptoms can vary, but some of the most common signs include: 

• Blood in the urine, which may appear red, pink, or brown 

• Frequent urination 

• Pain or burning during urination 

• Back or pelvic pain  

These symptoms can be caused by other conditions, but they should always be checked by a healthcare provider. In some cases, blood in the urine may not be visible and is only found during testing, which is why paying attention to changes in your body is important.  

Treatment options 

Treatment depends on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as overall health. Additional testing may be used to confirm a diagnosis and guide treatment decisions. 

Options may include: 

• Surgery 

• Chemotherapy 

• Radiation therapy 

• Immunotherapy 

• Targeted therapy  

In some cases, treatment may involve a combination of these approaches. Your care team will work with you to determine the best plan based on your individual needs.  

Get Care and Support  

If you’re experiencing symptoms or have concerns about bladder cancer, it’s important to talk with a healthcare provider. Early evaluation can make a difference. 

To learn more about bladder cancer care or to schedule an appointment, visit Minnesota Oncology.