The pancreas plays an important role in digestion and blood sugar regulation. When cancer develops in this organ, understanding the disease, how it is diagnosed, and what treatment options are available can help patients and families feel more informed. 

What Is Pancreatic Cancer? 

The pancreas is an organ located in the abdomen that produces digestive juices and hormones. According to Minnesota Oncology, pancreatic cancer most commonly begins in the ducts that carry pancreatic juices. This is called exocrine pancreatic cancer. Less commonly, cancer begins in the hormone-producing cells of the pancreas, known as endocrine or islet cell cancer. 

Understanding the Signs and Symptoms 

Recognizing changes in your health is important. Symptoms that may prompt further evaluation can include abdominal discomfort, jaundice, or other changes that concern you. Because symptoms alone cannot confirm pancreatic cancer, a healthcare provider can help determine whether additional testing is needed. 

How Is Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosed? 

If symptoms suggest pancreatic cancer, a doctor may recommend blood or laboratory tests and imaging to investigate further. Diagnostic procedures can include: 

CT scans: Create detailed images of the pancreas and nearby organs. 

Ultrasound: Uses sound waves to create images of internal organs and may identify tumors or blocked ducts. 

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS): Combines an endoscope and ultrasound probe to create detailed images of the pancreas. 

MRI or PET scans: Help provide additional images of the pancreas and other areas of the body. 

Needle biopsy: Removes a small tissue sample so a pathologist can examine it for cancer cells. 

The tests recommended depend on each patient's individual situation. 

What Are the Treatment Options? 

Treatment depends on several factors, including the tumor's location, whether the cancer has spread, and the patient's age and overall health. Options may include surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, new oral therapies, and participation in clinical trials. 

Surgery may be an option when pancreatic cancer is found at an early stage. The Whipple procedure is the most common surgery for tumors located in the head of the pancreas. Chemotherapy may be given before or after surgery, or used with other treatments. Targeted therapy, radiation therapy, new oral therapies, and certain clinical trials may also be part of an individualized treatment plan. 

Understanding Your Care Options 

A pancreatic cancer diagnosis can bring many questions. Working with a healthcare team can help patients understand their diagnosis, explore available treatments, and make informed decisions about their care.  

At Minnesota Oncology, patients have access to cancer care specialists who can help guide them through their treatment journey. If you have questions or would like to learn more about your care options, visit our pancreatic cancer resources.